Epidemiologia e riabilitazione della malattia di Alzheimer: un approccio psicosociale
Abstract
Riassunto: Il miglioramento delle condizioni socioeconomiche e assistenziali che ha caratterizzato le società ad alto reddito a partire dal dopoguerra e l’incremento delle risorse cerebrali e cognitive con cui le persone affrontano oggi l’invecchiamento potrebbero mitigare l’incidenza futura delle demenze e della Malattia di Alzheimer, la prevalente tra tutte le demenze. Nondimeno le stime di prevalenza e incidenza di questa malattia prospettano ancora drammatici peggioramenti soprattutto nel rapporto tra numero di persone affette e numero di persone sane in grado di prendersene cura come caregiver informali. La possibilità di affrontare tali cambiamenti attraverso i servizi sociosanitari è limitata per la scarsa efficacia dei sistemi di cura ora utilizzati. Le ricerche in ambito psicosociale orientate alla valutazione integrata della personalità suggeriscono prospettive di sviluppo interessanti in ambito preventivo, clinico e riabilitativo.
Parole chiave: Malattia di Alzheimer; Epidemiologia; Demenza; Riabilitazione; Sistema sanitario.
Epidemiology and Rehabilitation of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Psychosocial Approach
Abstract: The improvement of the welfare conditions that has characterized the high-income societies after the II World War and the increase in brain and cognitive resources through which people face aging, could mitigate in the future the incidence of dementia and Alzheimer's disease, the prevalent among all dementias. Nevertheless, the estimations of prevalence and incidence of this disease still acknowledge about dramatic decline especially regarding the relationship between the number of people affected and the number of healthy people able to care for them as informal caregivers. The aptitude to address these changes through health / social services is limited by the lack of effective models of interventions. The research in the psychosocial field oriented to the integrated assessment of personality suggests interesting perspectives in the preventive, clinical and rehabilitation care.
Keywords: Alzheimer’s Disease; Epidemiology; Dementia; Rehabilitation; Health Care Service.
Parole chiave
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4453/rifp.2015.0041
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